New capabilities such as on-chip optical frequency comb generation, ultrafast optical pulse generation and measurement using these materials, and their potential future impact and challenges are covered.read more read lessĪbstract: Achieving on-chip optical signal isolation is a fundamental difficulty in integrated photonics1. This article reviews recent progress in the use of silicon nitride and Hydex as non-silicon-based CMOS-compatible platforms for nonlinear optics. We highlight their potential future impact as well as the challenges to achieving practical solutions for many key applications. These material systems have opened up many new capabilities such as on-chip optical frequency comb generation and ultrafast optical pulse generation and measurement. We review recent progress in non-silicon CMOS-compatible platforms for nonlinear optics, with a focus on Si3N4 and Hydex®. Although silicon-on-insulator has been the leading platform for nonlinear optics, its high two-photon absorption at telecommunication wavelengths poses a fundamental limitation. Our approach showcases the potential for ultrathin GHz-speed free-space electro-optic modulators.read more read lessĪbstract: Nonlinear photonic chips can generate and process signals all-optically with far superior performance to that possible electronically - particularly with respect to speed. The on-chip lithium niobate devices simultaneously achieve ultralow insertion loss and high contrast.read more read lessĪbstract: Electro-optic modulators from non-linear $\chi^=$20 nm. Non-magnetic optical isolators are demonstrated using phonon-mediated photonic Autler–Townes splitting. Linear isolation is demonstrated with simultaneously 39 dB contrast and 10 dB bandwidth up to ~200 MHz. We demonstrate isolators at wavelengths one octave apart near 1,550 nm and 780 nm, fabricated from the same lithium-niobate-on-insulator wafer. Our concept is implemented using a lithium niobate racetrack resonator in which phonon-mediated13 photonic Autler–Townes splitting10,16,23,24 breaks the chiral symmetry of the resonant modes. Here we demonstrate an electrically driven optical isolator design that leverages the unbeatable transparency of a short, high-quality dielectric waveguide, with the strong attenuation from a critically coupled absorber. So far, no magnetless alternative1–22 has managed to simultaneously combine linearity (that is, no frequency shift), linear response (that is, input–output scaling), ultralow insertion loss and large directional contrast on-chip. Abstract: Optical isolators today are exclusively built on magneto-optic principles but are not readily implemented within photonic integrated circuits.
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